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This case study of Sandvik Tooling (a part of the Swedish manufacturer, Sandvik Group) shows that the company needs over 40 different services to establish and uphold their supply chain. This is almost half of the services covered in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Additionally, Sandvik Tooling supply about 15 different services themselves.
The changing nature of trade through a geographical fragmentation of production, often referred to as global value chains, is becoming common knowledge among trade policymakers. With the launch of negotiations on a Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) it is natural to put insights related to the emergence of global value chains into practice in a trade negotiation of global significance. A global value chain perspective is the intuitive approach in any modern trade negotiation, but it becomes even more important when the world’s two largest and most advanced economies engage in a possible partnership.
The discussion about global value chains focuses primarily on goods production. However, more and more services are broken up into different tasks and spread internationally. Services are becoming global value chains in their own right.
The report discusses the role of services in global value chains. Services are indispensable in all global value chains (GVCs) . GVCs depend on enabling services for their existence and functioning. Pure services value chains with a global remit are also increasingly being created.
I den här rapporten sätts den ökande specialiseringen och globala värdekedjor i relation till handelspolitiken. Vi konstaterar att flera handelspolitiska instrument, till exempel, regler som fastställer en varas ursprung, inte tar hänsyn till denna utveckling och att de därför har dålig koppling till verkligheten. Vi påpekar även det märkliga i att EU fortsätter ta ut tullar på insatsvaror till EU:s egen industri.
In this report, the National Board of Trade reviews the effects on trade due to the increased specialisation of production in the world economy - and thereby the fragmentation of manufacturing operations to various countries. The market has become increasingly global which has affected international trade and international dependence. This report describes how Sweden’s dependence on trade has been altered.
I den här rapporten studerar Kommerskollegium handelseffekter av den ökade specialiseringen av produktionen i världsekonomin – och därmed fragmenteringen av produktionsmoment till olika länder. Marknaden har blivit allt mer global, vilket har påverkat den internationella handeln och det internationella beroendet. Särskilt studerar vi hur Sveriges handelsberoende har förändrats.